Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Non-Communicable Diseases are a major challenge for sustainable development.
United Nations General Assembly Resolution
Reduce the escalating burden of Non-Communicable Diseases.
IN 2021
Annual deaths- 56 million
Deaths due to NCDs- 41 million
Deaths due to 4 NCDs- 32 million
NCDs represent a significant and growing global health challenge.
The severity of NCDs varies depending on the specific condition and its stage of progression. They are often chronic and long-lasting, requiring ongoing management and treatment.
Cost for global economy over the next 20 years
Socio-economic impact of NCDs
Who is at risk?
Children, adults and the elderly are all vulnerable. People of all age groups, regions, and countries are affected by NCDs.
What are the risk factors?
Modifiable behavioural risk factors- Modifiable behaviours, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and harmful use of alcohol, increase the risk of NCDs.
Metabolic risk factors- Metabolic risk factors contribute to four key metabolic changes that increase the risk of NCDs-
-Increased blood pressure
-Overweight/obesity
-Hyperglycaemia (high blood glucose levels)
-Hyperlipidaemia (high levels of fat in the blood)
Source- Lancet Glob Health 2020; 8: e1489–98
Challenges in Overcoming Non-Communicable Diseases
Barriers that hinder effective prevention efforts are:
Socioeconomic disparities
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors
Inadequate public awareness
Fragmented healthcare systems
Limited policy support
Psychological and Social Impact
NCDs can have profound psychological and social consequences on individuals and their families. They can lead to feelings of isolation, anxiety, depression, and financial stress.
Combating NCDs requires a multi-faceted approach:
Prevention
Early detection
Timely treatment
Ongoing management